Showing 4074 results

Authority Record

Morgan, Graham J.

  • Person
  • 1940-

J. Graham Morgan was a social anthropologist, Dalhousie professor and President and Vice Chancellor of the University of King's College from 1970-1977. Born in Barrow-in-Furness, England, on 11 August 1940, he studied at the University of Nottingham, McMaster University, and Balliol College, Oxford. In 1966 he joined Dalhousie's Sociology Department (later Sociology and Social Anthropology), serving as chair from 1995-2000. From 1970-1978, he held a joint appointment at the University of King's College, where he guided the creation of the university's Foundation Year Programme.

Morgan was an active scholar and member of dozens of departmental, faculty, university and national committees, including University Senate (1987-1991) and chair of the Senate Library Committee (1995-1998). He retired from teaching in 2004.

Cantley, Thomas

  • Person
  • 1867-1945
The Hon. Col. Thomas Cantley was born in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, on 19 April 1857, the son of Charles and Catherine (Fraser) Cantley. He attended public school in New Glasgow before working odd jobs, beginning as messenger for Western Union Telegraph Co. In 1878 he opened a crockery store, Thomas Cantley and Company, on Provost Street, which he ran for seven years with silent partner James D. MacGregor. He joined the Nova Scotia Steel Company Ltd. (later BESCO) in 1885 as a general sales agent and was elected to the board of directors in 1901, followed by appointments as president and general manager on 13 July 1915. Between 1895-1919 he travelled extensively in Europe where he successfully marketed Wabana iron ore and coal. He was instrumental in negotiating deals to manufacture ammunition for Great Britain during the First World War. Cantley served as MP for Pictou County from 1925 until his appointment to the Senate on 20 July 1935. He was active in professional and civic organizations, serving as founder, trustee, and president of the Aberdeen Hospital; first member of Canadian Shell Committee; president of Canadian Manufacturers' Association; chairman of Canadian Munition Resources Commission; and president of Nova Scotia Mining Society. He received an honorary LLD from Dalhousie in 1919 and was later appointed a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts of Great Britain. In 1893 he married Maria Jane Fraser of Pictou, with whom he had five children: Charles Lang, Howard, Donald, Helen and Marian. He died in New Glasgow at his house, "Bonniebrae," on 24 February 1945.

Smith, Marion Reid

  • Person
  • 1891-1944
Marion Reid Smith graduated from Dalhousie University with her BA in 1915. She was born in Dartmouth on 6 October 1891 to Margaret Helen and Willian McVicar Smith. In 1920 she married Henry Wendell Mahon, Dalhousie Class of 1907, and lived until her death around the corner from Dalhousie at 41 Preston Street. She died on 12 May 1944, aged 57.

Churchill, Ward

  • Person
  • 1947-
Ward Churchill is an American author, political activist and former professor of ethnic studies at the University of Colorado Boulder who writes about the historical treatment of political dissenters and Native Americans by the United States government. In 2007 he was fired by the University of Colorado investigating allegations for research misconduct.

Leighton, Archie Ogilvie

  • Person
  • 1880-1964

Archibald Ogilvie Leighton was born in 1880 in Ballycarry, Northern Ireland, the youngest son of John Leighton (1841-1928), a Scottish-born attorney who settled in Ireland after his marriage to Caroline Wilson (1849-1885). Archie—or “A.O.”—was the sixth of eight children and the youngest of three sons. As a young man, Archie was apprenticed in the building trade and in 1902 was sent to Sligo, on Ireland’s west coast, to supervise the building of a post office. It was here that he met and became engaged to Gertrude Ann Hamilton. In 1906 he moved to the United States in pursuit of work, intending to take advantage of the construction boom in San Francisco that followed the great earthquake. However, he ended up in Philadelphia; after Gertrude arrived the same year in New York and they were married, they settled just north of Philadelphia, where their first child, Alexander (Alec), was born.

In 1909 Archie joined forces with a wealthy businessman named A.D. Leighton to form the contracting firm Irwin and Leighton Company. As the company grew more prosperous and a daughter, Gertrude (“Gussie”), was born, the Leightons moved further out of the city and began to spend their summers on the New Jersey coast. However, the combined threat of killer sharks and a polio outbreak in 1916 prompted them to start summering in Nova Scotia, where Archie—(and later, Alec) eventually established second homes in Digby County.

In 1955 Irwin and Leighton was sold to its employees and in 1958 Archie’s wife, Gertrude, died. Some years later Archie married Rose Witowski. He continued to work for the firm and was serving as Chairman of the Board when he died in 1964.

Thompson, Fred

  • Person
  • 1900-1987
Fred Thompson was an organizer for the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), editor, historian, and publisher. He was a central figure in the IWW for many years.

Stanley, Carleton Wellesley

  • Person
  • 1886-1971

Carleton Wellesley Stanley was the fifth president of Dalhousie University, serving from 1931-1945. Although his parents were Canadian, Stanley was born in Rhode Island, USA, in 1886. He studied classics and mathematics at the University of Toronto, graduating with a BA in 1911 before moving overseas to take a degree in classics at New College, Oxford. Two years later he was hired as a lecturer in English literature at Victoria College, Toronto, but in 1916 he left academia to become a salesman. In 1918 he married Isabel Alexander, with whom he had two children. Stanley returned to teaching in 1930 when he joined McGill University as a professor of Greek, being appointed assistant principal soon after.

Stanley took over the presidency of Dalhousie in 1931 and guided the largest Maritime university through the depression years. He is credited with helping to raise the standards of the university's professional schools during his tenure. Following his retirement in 1945, he moved to Winnipeg and joined the English department at United College. He left this position in 1953 and moved to Uxbridge and then Aurora, Ontario, where he died in 1971.

Carleton Stanley received several honorary degrees and was a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. A widely travelled and fluent writer, for several years he was Canadian correspondent for the Manchester Guardian. He authored two books: Roots of the Tree (1936) and Matthew Arnold (1938).

Florizone, Richard

  • 1967 -
Richard Florizone was Dalhousie University's eleventh president. Born in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, in 1967, he attended the University of Saskatchewan, where he earned a Bachelor's degree in engineering physics in 1992 and a Master's degree in physics in 1992. He was awarded his PhD in physics in 1998 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Prior to coming to Dalhousie in 2013, he worked at Bombardier Aerospace, Boston Consulting Group, University of Cambridge, the International Finance Corporation, and University of Saskatchewan. In 2018 he resigned from Dalhousie University to serve as the Director of the Quantum Valley Ideas Lab at the University of Waterloo. In January 2020 he began as the President and CEO of the International Institute for Sustainable Development.

MacKay, W. Andrew

  • Person
  • 1929-2013

William Andrew MacKay was a Canadian lawyer and former judge, civil servant, legal academic and eighth president of Dalhousie University.

He was born on 20 March 1929 in Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Robert Alexander and Mary Kathleen MacKay. He began his schooling in Halifax and received his high school diploma in Ottawa before returning home to Dalhousie University, where he earned a BA (1950), JD (1953), and LLM (1954). He was admitted to the Nova Scotia Bar in 1954 and appointed Queen’s Council in 1973.

MacKay began his professional career in 1954 with the Canadian Department of External Affairs. In 1957 he was hired as an assistant professor of law at Dalhousie University, promoted to associate professor in 1959 and full professor in 1961. He received a Ford Foundation Fellowship to study at Harvard University in 1961 and was appointed George Munro Professor of Law. From 1964-1969 he served as Dean of Law and Weldon Law Professor, and in 1969 became Vice-President of Dalhousie under the administration of Henry D. Hicks. MacKay was appointed president and vice-chancellor on Hicks' retirement in 1980, positions he held until 1986. Throughout his administrative career he continued to teach constitutional and international law. After retiring from Dalhousie he served as Ombudsman for Nova Scotia from 1986-1988 and became a judge in the Federal Court of Canada (Trial Division) in 1988, where he served until 2004. From 2004-2007 he was a Deputy Judge of the Federal Court.

Andrew MacKay married Alexa Eaton Wright in July 1954, with whom he had one daughter, Margaret Kathleen. He died on 12 January 2013.

Hicks, Henry D.

  • Person
  • 1915-1990

Henry Davies Hicks was Premier of Nova Scotia and President of Dalhousie University. He was born 5 March 1915 in Bridgetown, Nova Scotia, the son of Henry Brandon Hicks and Annie May (Kinney) Hicks. After graduating from Bridgetown High School he obtained a BA from Mount Allison University (1936) and a BSc from Dalhousie (1937). As a Rhodes Scholar he received an MA (1939) and BCL (1940) from Oxford University. In 1941 he was admitted to the Bar of Nova Scotia before joining the Royal Canadian Artillery and training as a radar specialist. He served in Canada, England and Belgium and had reached the rank of captain when he was discharged in 1945.

Hicks was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in 1945 as a Liberal for Annapolis County and served as Nova Scotia's first Minister of Education from 1949-1954. He became premier in 1954, but was unable to unite the party, and his government was defeated in the 1956 election. From 1956-1960 he served as Leader of the opposition. In 1960 he left politics to accept the post of Dean of Arts and Science at Dalhousie University. From 1963-1980 he served as University President, and is recognized as transforming Dalhousie from the "College By the Sea" into a leading national research university. During Hicks' tenure, the campus underwent a transformation as new facilities were built, expanded or acquired, including academic and research buildings, theatres and galleries, athletic facilities and student housing. In September 2002 the Arts and Administration Building was renamed the Henry Hicks Academic Administration Building. In 1970 Hicks was made a Companion of the Order of Canada. On 27 April 1972, he was appointed to the Senate of Canada, in which he served until his retirement in 1990.

Hicks was married to Pauline Banks in 1949 (d. 1963). In 1965 he married Gene Morrison (d. January 1988). In 1988 he married Rosalie Comeau. On the afternoon of 9 December 1990, Hicks and his wife Rosalie were returning to Halifax from the Annapolis Valley when their vehicle crossed the centre line and struck an oncoming car. Hicks and his wife were killed, along with two of the four passengers in the other vehicle.

Kerr, Alexander Enoch

  • Person
  • 1898-1974

Alexander E. Kerr was the sixth president of Dalhousie University, serving from 1945-1963. Born in 1898 in Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, he served overseas with the Royal Air Force during World War One before completing a BA at Dalhousie and a diploma in theology from Pine Hill Divinity Hall. He was ordained in 1921 and completed his education at Union Seminary, from which he graduated magna cum laude.

Kerr served the church briefly in Sydney, Nova Scotia, and in Montreal before accepting a pastorate in Vancouver, where he spent five years, followed by ten years in Winnipeg. In 1939 he became principal and professor of systematic theology at Pine Hill. In 1945 Dr. Kerr was became the second Dalhousie graduate to be appointed president of his alma mater. During his tenure he declined nominations by the Maritime Conference, the Montreal-Ottawa Conference and the London Conference to become moderator of the General Council of the Church of Canada. In 1963, after retiring from the Dalhousie, Kerr became president of the Maritime Conference of the United Church of Canada and taught the Old Testament class at the Atlantic School of Theology (formerly Pine Hill).

Alexander Kerr was the only Canadian to receive an honorary doctorate of divinity at the 500th anniversary of the University of Glasgow. He held honorary degrees from most Maritime universities and the University of Winnipeg. He was a member of the North British Society and of the Canadian Mental Health Association, chairman of the building committee for the Abbie J. Lane Memorial Hospital, first honorary president of the Red Cross Society and honorary president of the Cape Breton Club. He died in Halifax on 30 November 1974 at the age of 76.

MacKenzie, Arthur Stanley

  • Person
  • 1865-1938

Arthur Stanley MacKenzie was an important figure in education in Nova Scotia for over forty years. He was born in Pictou on 20 September 1865, the son of George Augustus and Catherine Denoon Mackenzie. He was educated in public schools in Pictou, New Glasgow and Halifax before studying at Dalhousie, where he won the George Munro Bursary and exhibition and the Sir William Young gold medal and honours in mathematics and mathematical physics. He received his doctorate from Johns Hopkins University in 1894. In 1895 MacKenzie married Mary Lewis Taylor, of Indianapolis, who died one year later. MacKenzie subsequently raised their daughter, Marjorie, on his own.

MacKenzie taught at Yarmouth Seminary from 1885-1887. He was hired as a tutor in mathematics and physics at Dalhousie from 1887-1889 and then spent two years at Johns Hopkins as a scholar and teaching fellow. From 1891-1905 he taught physics at Bryn Mawr College and then returned to Dalhousie University as George Munro professor of physics. He was appointed university president in 1911, a position he held until his retirement in 1931.

MacKenzie was widely recognized for his research contributions. He was a member of the Nova Scotia Institute of Science, the American Physical Society, and the National Research Council of Canada. He was a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and of the Royal Society of Canada. He took an active role in his community, serving as president of both Ashburn Golf Club and the Halifax Curling Club. Arthur Stanley Mackenzie died in Halifax on 2 October 1938.

Ross, James

  • Person
  • 1811-1886
James Ross (1811-1886) was a Presbyterian minister, editor, and educator from West River, Pictou County, Nova Scotia. He was the son of son of the Reverend Duncan Ross and Isabella Creelman. Ross studied under Thomas McCulloch at the Pictou Academy. Ross is best known for serving as the second Principal of Dalhousie College. The College closed in 1843 after its first president, Dr. Thomas McCulloch died. The College re-opened in 1863 and Rev. James Ross served as Principal from 1863 to 1885. Under Ross' presidency, women were admitted to the university.

McCulloch, Thomas

  • Person
  • 1776-1843

Thomas McCulloch, Dalhousie's first president, was a Presbyterian minister, author and educator. Born in 1776 in Fereneze, Scotland, to Michael and Elizabeth McCulloch, he was raised in a prosperous, intellectual environment engendered by a community of highly-skilled textile workers. He graduated in logic from Glasgow University in 1792, started medical school, and continued independent studies in languages, politics and church history before training as a minister at the General Associate Synod in Whitburn. In 1799 he was ordained, assigned a presbytery in Stewarton (near Glasgow), and married Isabella Walker, with whom he eventually had nine children.

Four years after his appointment in Stewarton, McCulloch requested an assignment in North America. He was intended for Prince Edward Island, but in 1804 he was inducted into the Harbour Church in Pictou, Nova Scotia. In 1806 he opened a school in his house, a first step toward his dream of establishing a non-sectarian institute of higher education in Nova Scotia. By 1818 he had helped to establish Pictou Academy, where he served as principal. Although an academic success, with a fine collection of scientific instruments and a distinguished library and natural history collection, from its beginning the school was under political and financial pressure.

In 1824 McCulloch resigned from the ministry to concentrate his efforts on teaching and educational reform. He remained at Pictou until 1838, when he became the first president of Dalhousie College as well as Professor of Logic, Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy. McCulloch’s belief in the importance of mathematics, natural philosophy and the physical sciences was integral to his understanding of a liberal education. He gave public lectures in chemistry, established a museum of natural history at Dalhousie, and continued to pursue insect collecting. He also wrote on theology and politics and composed popular satirical stories, including The Stepsure Letters. McCulloch died in September 1843.

In 2018 Thomas McCulloch was named one of 52 Dalhousie Originals, a list of individuals identified as having made a significant impact on the university and the broader community since Dalhousie's inception in 1818. https://www.dal.ca/about-dal/dalhousie-originals/thomas-mcculloch.html

Young, John

  • Person
  • 1773-1837

John Young was a Halifax merchant, author, and politician. Born in Falkirk, Scotland in 1773 to Janet and William Young, he was educated at the University of Glasgow ca. 1790. Young performed well in his theological studies but chose to pursue business in Falkirk and Glasgow. He married Agnes Renny, with whom he had nine children, including George, Charles, and William. In 1814 Young and his family moved to Nova Scotia, where he founded John Young and Company.

Young became interested in agriculture shortly after his arrival in Nova Scotia. Between 1814 and 1816, under the pseudonym "Agricola," he wrote letters to The Acadian Recorder, championing ideas such as the creation of a provincial farming board, rural farming societies, and other initiatives. His suggestions were popular and supported by Lord Dalhousie, who established a Central Board of Agriculture in 1819. Young was appointed secretary and treasurer, making him responsible for mediating between the board and the newly formed farming societies, importing and distributing seeds, tools and other items, managing agricultural competitions, and handling correspondence and other administrative duties. In 1822 many of Young’s Agricola letters were published in the book The Letters of Agricola on the Principles of Vegetation and Tillage. While the board was initially popular and well supported, the House of Assembly failed to renew its charter in 1826.

In 1823 Young ran unsuccessfully in Halifax for a seat in the assembly, and in 1824 he won a Sydney by-election. He proved to be a vocal and active member in the assembly, where he remained until his death in Halifax on October 6, 1837.

Morrison, James H.

  • Person
  • 1944 -

James Morrison is an oral historian and researcher with interests in global, Southeast Asian and oral history. He was born and raised in Truro, Nova Scotia, and received his BA and BEd degrees from Acadia University. Between 1965 and 1969 he was enrolled in a Naval Officer Training Program, worked for Frontier College (now called United for Literacy), and taught both English and mathematics in Ghana. In 1969 he received a Commonwealth Scholarship from the University of Ibadan, Nigeria, where he completed his PhD in 1976 on the oral traditions of the Nigerian highlands.

He returned to Nova Scotia in 1976 to work as an oral historian and researcher with Parks Canada, conducting an oral history of Kejimkujik National Park. In 1979 he was appointed Executive Director of the International Education Centre at Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, where he helped to foster the university's institutional commitment to international education. He served as Dean of Arts from 1983-1989, and later as Coordinator of the Asian Studies Program and the International Development Studies Program.

Morrison has held visiting fellowships at the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (Singapore), Hokkaido University of Education (Japan), and Jawaharlal Nehru University (India). He was an advisor to the Black Cultural Society for Nova Scotia and the Black Loyalist Museum, and a researcher and oral historian for the Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21. He is past president of the Japan Studies Association of Canada, the Canadian Oral History Association, the Nova Scotian Federation of Heritage, the Royal Nova Scotia Historical Society, and the Society for the Study of Ethnicity in Nova Scotia.

He is a former editor and current book review editor for FORUM, the Canadian Oral History Association journal. He has written and published in areas including oral history, military history, social history, ethnicity and adult education. In 2008 Morrison was named a Member of the Order of Canada, and in 2013 he received the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal for his research and contributions to the field of oral history.

Dalhousie University. University Libraries

  • Corporate body (Dalhousie University)
  • 1867 -

The first Dalhousie library was established by order of the University Senate on 24 April 1867. Housed in the “new” Dalhousie College (renamed the Forrest Building in 1919), the library was beset by financial difficulties during the early decades, especially after the Board’s 1890 decision to withdraw all library funding. During this period the collection grew only through gifts in kind and sporadic donations by faculty and alumni, although 1894 witnessed both the advent of class memorial book gifts and the hiring of paid library staff, which led to expanded service hours, from two to seven hours per day, five days each week.

In 1916 a library was built on the new Studley Campus, thanks to the generosity of Professor Charles Macdonald. On his death in 1906, the former Chair of Mathematics bequeathed $2000 to the university for books, a gesture that triggered an eponymous fundraising campaign. Despite several renovations and later additions, eventually the collection and its user population outgrew the space, and in 1971 the Killam Library was opened.

From 1867 until the 1952 appointment of Douglas G. Lockhead, the library's operations were overseen by a Senate-appointed committee, which appointed an acting librarian, usually from the ranks of newly arrived junior faculty. Their responsibilities were limited to collecting fines, providing access to the library's limited book collection, and placing orders approved by Senate. Faculty librarians included James DeMille (1868-1875); Professor Liechti (1875-1876); Reverend Dr. William Lyall (1876-1881); John Forrest (1881-1885); Jacob Schurman (1885-1886); William Alexander (1886-1889); James Seth (1889-1892); Walter Murray (1892-1902); Daniel Murray (1902-1906); and Archibald MacMechan (1906-1931).

The first paid assistant librarian was Zillah Macdonald in 1894, followed by a series of part-time student assistants and finally, in 1907, a full-time assistant. In 1915 Francis Jean Lindsay was hired as a cataloguer. She was the main library's first trained librarian and in her three years at Dalhousie she reclassified the entire collection according to the new Library of Congress system, increased the library's opening hours to 44 hours a week, initiated circulation procedures and wrote a column in the Gazette. President MacKenzie referred to her as being in charge of the library, albeit without authority over policies, collections or budget, and her low salary led to her resignation in 1919. Her work was continued by a series of untrained library assistants.

During the tenure of C.L. Bennett (1931-1950), who was the last Library Committee faculty member to oversee the library, operations were in the hands of librarians Ivy Prickler (1940-47); Dorothy MacKay (1947-1951); and Jean Carter (1951-1952). Douglas G. Lochhead (1952-1960) was Dalhousie's first University Librarian, appointed with faculty status and directly responsible to the university president. He was followed by J.P. Wilkinson (1960-1966); Louis G. Vagianos (1966-1969) and as Director of Libraries (1976-1973); Dorothy Louise Cooke (1970-1981); William F. Birdsall (1981-1997); and William R. Maes (1998-2010). During the tenure of Donna Bourne-Tyson (2010-2022), the position of University Librarian changed to Dean of Libraries.The second Dean of Libraries, Michael Vandenberg, was appointed in August 2022.

Tupper, Francis Freeman

  • Person
Francis Freeman Tupper was born in Milton, Nova Scotia, c. 1889 to Henry and Teresa Tupper. He married Verta Laura Freeman in 1913. From 1908-1909 he studied engineering at Dalhousie University, working later as a land surveyor in Liverpool, Nova Scotia, where he also served as Justice of the Peace. He had a strong research interest in the history of the Liverpool area and in the broader history of Nova Scotia.

Gargoyle Puppet Theatre

  • Corporate body
  • 1974 -
The Gargoyle Puppet Theatre was founded in Halifax in 1974 by James MacSwain, Linda Moore, Sandy Moore, Karen Schlick, and Robert Zeigler (who left the company after the first year). The group performed extensively in Halifax and the surrounding area in schools, festivals, daycares, and a variety of open venues. Gargoyle Puppet Theatre productions were taped and shown on ATV in thirteen ten-minute long episodes and, in 1974, the Atlantic Film Co-op worked on a twenty-minute film of their play The Philosopher's Stone. Three exhibits of their puppets were held in Halifax: one at Eyelevel Gallery, one at Pier One Theatre, and one at the Mount Saint Vincent Art Gallery. The Gargoyle Puppet Theatre also presented a range of workshops on puppet theatre. Their productions used primarily hand, rod, and shadow puppets, while the scripts were usually written by members of the company.

Banks, Catherine

  • Person
  • 1957 -

Catherine Banks is an award-winning playwright. She was born in 1957 in Middleton, Nova Scotia, and was educated at Digby Regional High School before earning her BA (1978) and BEd (1979) from Acadia University. From 1980-1985 she worked as a special education teacher in Shelburne and Halifax, and began writing for the theatre while raising her children, Rilla and Simon.

Her plays, frequently described as "Atlantic Gothic," have been performed across Canada and have received numerous awards and critical recognition. In 2008 Catherine Banks received Nova Scotia’s Established Artist Award for her body of work. Three Storey, Ocean View won the du Maurier National Play Competition's Silver Medal in 1995 and was nominated for a Merrit Award for best new play in 2000. Bone Cage received a Special Merit prize in Theatre BC's New Play Competition in 2002, was showcased at the National Arts Centre's On the Verge in 2005, and was awarded the Governor General’s Literary Award for (English) Drama in 2008. In 2012 It is Solved by Walking won Catherine Banks the Governor General's Literary Award for (English) Drama for a second time.

An active member of the Canadian theatre scene, Banks has participated in numerous readings and workshops and collaborated with theatres across the country. She served on the faculty of Sage Hill Writing in 2018, 2020, and 2021. She is a founding member and past president of the Playwrights Atlantic Resource Centre and has served as the Atlantic representative for the Playwrights Guild of Canada.

Murray, Alexander Sutherland

  • Person
  • 1895-1984
Alexander Sutherland Murray was a Presbyterian minister. Born in 1895 at Pictou Landing, Nova Scotia, to Reverend Robert and Isabel Murray, he was educated at Dalhousie, living at Pine Hill residence and receiving his BA in 1920. He served in the Maritimes and as a chaplain to immigrants at the ports of Montreal and Halifax during the 1950s and 1960s. His sister, Florence Jessie Murray, was a medical missionary in Korea. Alexander died in 1984.

Dalhousie University. Faculty of Science. Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science

  • Corporate body (Dalhousie University)
  • 1922-

Natural philosophy (physics) was on the curriculum of the "first" Dalhousie College in 1838, and when the college reopened in 1863 as a university, Thomas McCulloch, Jr. was appointed Professor of Natural Philosophy. After his premature death in 1865, it was a decade before another such appointment was made. In 1876 J. Gordon MacGregor was appointed Lecturer in Natural Philosophy and taught classes in experimental physics and mathematical physics, while Charles MacDonald taught hydrostatics, optics and astronomy. In 1879 MacGregor became the first George Munro Chair of Physics. One of the first female faculty members hired at Dalhousie was Merle Colpitt, who started as a physics demonstrator during World War One, was promoted to an instructor in 1918, and retired in 1926, a year after she married H.L. Bronson, who had been appointed first head of the newly named Physics Department in 1922.

Throughout the 1960s and 1970s the department offered a general BSc, a BSc with Honours in Physics, and a BSc in Engineering Physics. In the 1980s, Engineering Physics moved from Dalhousie and a Diploma in Meteorology (DMet) was added. In the 1990s, the Honours Co-op program was instituted. The design, organization, and instruction of undergraduate teaching laboratories, as well as a Physics Resource Centre for first-year students, was enhanced by the work of senior instructors, including Mr. F.M. Fyfe (1974-2001) and Mr. W. P. Zukauskas (1982-2008).

J.H.L. Johnstone was the department's first graduate student, earning an MSc in Physics in 1914, joining the department as a faculty member in 1920, and appointed Head and Munro Professor in 1945. The first woman to receive a MSc was Elizabeth Torrey in 1930. The PhD program in Physics was initiated in 1961 and the first recipient of a PhD in Physics was Dr. Peter Gacii in 1966. The first woman to receive a PhD in Physics was Dr. Nahomi Fujiki of Japan, whose degree was awarded in 1989.

The Dalhousie University Meteorology program was established ins 1984. Administered by the Physics Department, it offers a Diploma in Meteorology (DMet) in conjunction with a BSc in Physics. In 1989, the Atmospheric Sciences program was established in conjunction with AES and NSERC and run jointly between Dalhousie's Departments of Physics and Oceanography. In 2001 the program was absorbed into the physics department, whose name changed to the Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science.

Allison, Don

  • Person
  • 1945 -
Don Allison is a Canadian actor. He graduated from Parrsboro Regional High School in 1963 and from the National Theatre School of Canada in 1966. From 1968-1984 he worked as an actor, producer, director and administrator at Neptune Theatre in Halifax, Nova Scotia. He was also a radio drama director, producer and editor at the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation between 1976-1981. After moving to Toronto, he became a storyteller at Integrated Communication & Entertainment (ICE), where he worked from 1988-2000. He continues to work as a master storey teller at Stories Rule, in Toronto, Ontario, as well as a stage and screen actor.

Pedersen, Stephen Alan

  • Person
  • 1935-2019
Stephen Pedersen was a Canadian musician, composer and journalist. After graduating from the University of Alberta with a BA in English in 1957, he moved to Ontario where he received certificates in both teaching and instrumental music. For a decade he taught English at Danford Technical High School and Centennial College before moving to Nova Scotia in 1969 to play with the Atlantic Symphony Orchestra. He played the flute and piccolo with the ASO until the orchestra's collapse, when he began work as a freelance musician, composer and journalist. He was a founding member of Nova Music, a Halifax group of composers and performers dedicated to the presentation of new or seldom-performed music. Between 1988-2000 he served as both a Canada Council and Juno Awards jury member.

Apostle, Richard A.

  • Person
  • 1948 -
Richard Apostle is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology at Dalhousie University. He received his BA from Simon Fraser University, and MA and PhD from University of California, Berkeley. HIs major publications deal with maritime social science, socioeconomic segmentation, library and information science, and white racial social attitudes. His current research activities focus on the global scientific tracking of endangered marine species.

Allen, W. Graham

  • Person
  • 1909 - 1986

William Graham Allen (1909-1986) was a freelance writer and broadcaster, best known for his work with the CBC. He was born in Halifax on 6 January 1909 to William T. and Winnifred (Dodge) Allen. He was a graduate of Dalhousie University's class of 1929, and also studied at Royal Roads Military College and HMCS Cornwallis. In 1928 Allen began reporting for The Halifax Chronicle and worked in various editorial positions until 1941, when he signed on for active duty in the Royal Canadian Naval Volunteer Reserve. He served as a Sub-lieutenant and was involved in the theatrical show "Meet The Navy." In 1946 Allen returned to The Halifax Chronicle-Herald, continuing to serve from 1947-1951 as an executive officer for HMCS Scotian, Halifax Naval Reserve Division.

In 1951 Allen was appointed Director of University Liaisons at Dalhousie University, where he also served as editor for The Dalhousie Review from 1953-1957, the year of his retirement from the university. That year he joined the Canadian Broadcast Corporation as the news staff supervisor for the Maritimes. He retired from the CBC in 1975, but continued to broadcast as a freelancer and to host the popular radio program Neighborly News from 1977–1980. Allen was a self described "movie freak" and a large supporter of the arts. He held positions as juror for the Governor General Awards (ca. 1950s); treasurer for ACTRA, Maritimes (1976); Director of Neptune Theatre Foundation (1976); Dal Alumni Executive (1976); Governor of Dalhousie University (1976-1977); President of the Radio Television News Director's Association; and spent several years with Halifax Welfare Council and the United Services Institute of Nova Scotia. He died in 1986.

The Dalhousie Review

  • Corporate body
  • 1921-

The Review Publishing Company was incorporated on 7 March 1921 with the sole objective of publishing The Dalhousie Review. The Board of Governors held one-third of the authorized shares, with the remaining shares divided between alumni, faculty and others. Herbert Leslie Stewart, Dalhousie philosophy professor, was the journal’s founding editor, a role in which he remained for 26 years. Stewart wanted to situate The Dalhousie Review between the specialized scholarly journal and the popular press, and during this period contributors comprised political thinkers, historians, literary scholars, poets and novelists. The names of many notable individuals appeared in its pages, including Archibald MacMechan, R. MacGregor Dawson, Sir Robert Borden, Duncan Campbell Scott, Eliza Ritchie, E.J. Pratt, Douglas Bush, Charles G.D. Roberts, Frederick Philip Grove, Robert L. Stanfield, Hugh MacLennan, Hilda Neatby, Eugene Forsey, Thomas Raddall and Earle Birney.

Herbert Stewart was succeeded by Burns Martin (1948–1951), C. Fred Fraser (1951–1952), William Graham Allen (1953–1957), C.L. Bennet (1957–1970), Allan Bevan (1971-1978), Alan Kennedy (1979-1984) and Alan Andrews (1985-1995), and over these years the journal underwent a variety of transformations, including the practice of printing works of short fiction alongside discursive articles and poetry. Norman Ward, George Woodcock, Mavor Moore, J.M.S. Tompkins, Owen Barfield, Miriam Waddington, Alden Nowlan, Malcolm Lowry, Chinua Achebe, Nadine Gordimer, Margaret Atwood, Juliet McMaster, Wilfrid Sellars, Peter Schwenger, Daniel Woolf and Guy Vanderhaeghe were all published in the pages of The Dalhousie Review in the second half of the twentieth century.

Despite the high regard in which The Dalhousie Review was held—by writers and readers—by 1964 the Review Publishing Company was virtually bankrupt. In 1967 it ceased to exist and in its stead The Dalhousie University Press was incorporated with the nominal role of publishing the journal. The Dalhousie Review continued to be funded through subscription and advertising revenue, running an increasing annual deficit that was underwritten by the university administration. In 1974 the journal began to apply for and receive grants from the Canada Council, and later from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, but continued to operate at a loss. In 1994 President Clarke announced that the administration was withdrawing its funding, and in 1997 the President’s Office terminated its responsibility for The Dalhousie Review. Faced with its closure, the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences agreed to take charge of the journal.

Ronald Huebert began his term as editor in 1997 with a mandate from the Faculty to reanimate the relationship between The Dalhousie Review and its readers, with a much reduced budget and staffing. Under his guidance the journal was redesigned and transitioned from being published quarterly to appearing three times a year. Since 2010 the editorial focus has shifted to publishing primarily short fiction and poetry, and during this time stories published in The Dalhousie Review have regularly appeared in The Journey Prize Anthology and twice won the prestigious Journey Prize itself. Editors Robert Martin (2004-2007 ), Anthony Stewart (2008-2011) and Carrie Dawson (2012– ) have guided the journal's development towards an online presence and open access publishing, and fully searchable digitized back issues of its first 90 years are now available in Dalhousie University's institutional repository, DalSpace.

Brown, Murray G.

  • Person
  • 1936-

Murray G. Brown is a research economist and retired professor of health economics at Dalhousie University.

He was born 10 November 1936. He received his BA Hon. in economics from the University of Western Ontario in 1961and his MA from Queen's University the following year. His MA in economics was granted by the University of Chicago in 1968, followed in 1974 by a PhD, with his dissertation, "Experience and Earnings of Male Physicians in the United States."

From 1964-1973 Dr. Brown taught in the Department of Economics at the University of New Brunswick, Fredericton. In 1973 he joined Dalhousie University's Department of Preventative Medicine, now the Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, and held both joint and cross appointments in the Department of Economics and the School of Health Service Administration. From 1992 until his retirement he taught primarily within the Faculty of Medicine.

Dr. Brown's research activities have spanned multiple departments, faculties and special research units, institutes and programs within Dalhousie. He has also been involved in research, committee work and task-force work for the Nova Scotia Department of Health and other public sector bodies.

Dalhousie University. Office of Research Services

  • Corporate body (Dalhousie University)
  • [ca.1980s] -

The Office of Research Services (ORS) was created in the early 1980s in response to federal government funding of the three research councils: the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC), and the Medical Research Council, which has since been restructured and is known as the Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR). Universities required an official link with the tri-councils to review and administer research grants awarded to faculty on their campuses.

During the tenure of Vice President of Research Martha Crago, the office was renamed Dalhousie Research Services, but the name reverted to ORS shortly after the arrival of her successor, Alice Aikens.

Ellis, William

  • Person
  • [ca. 1730] - 1795
Reverend William Ellis was born ca. 1730. He arrived in Nova Scotia in 1774 as an itinerant missionary for the (Church of England's) Society for the Propagation of the Gospel. Shortly after arriving, Ellis took over a large mission in Hants County, serving congregations in Newport, Falmouth, Windsor, Cornwallis, Wilmot, and Horton. He married Isabella Colquhoun, with whom he had one daughter, Isabella Ellis. He passed away in 1795 and is buried in the Winsdor churchyard.

Eastern Front Theatre

  • Corporate body
  • 1993 -

Eastern Front Theatre (EFT) was founded in 1993 in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, by Gay Hauser, Wendy Lill and Mary Vingoe to support the work of Atlantic Canadian playwrights. From 1999-2009 Eastern Front Theatre was the resident theatre company at Alderney Landing. Between 2009-2021 Neptune Theatre’s Scotiabank Stage was its Halifax performance venue before it moved backed to Alderney Landing in 2021.

The company has produced or presented over 200 original Canadian plays, including 32 world premieres, and received four Governor General Award nominations, one Nova Scotia Masterworks nomination, and 16 Robert Merritt Awards (out of 68 nominations).

Khyber Art Society

  • Corporate body
  • 1994-

The Khyber Arts Society is a not-for-profit organization that administers the Khyber Centre for the Arts, an artist-run centre for non-commercial work. The centre was developed in 1994 by the No Money Down Cultural Society, headed by Bill Roberts, who negotiated an agreement with the City of Halifax to maintain an unoccupied three-storey heritage building known as the Church of England Institute for use as an art exhibit and live entertainment space. The society was incorporated on 10 March 1995 as the Halifax Arts Centre Project Society; in September 1995 it changed its name to the Khyber Arts Society. In the mid-2000s the Khyber Centre for the Arts became known as the Khyber Institute of Contemporary Art (Khyber ICA), but the name was changed back in 2012.

Lease negotiations between the Khyber Arts Society and Halifax Regional Municipality have formed a central role in the society's history. In 1995 a widespread campaign to keep the Khyber public and to secure a long-term lease was launched, resulting in the promise of a three-year lease. Structural renovations forced a temporary relocation. In 1996 the Khyber Arts Society signed a new five-year renewable lease and, after obtaining a liquor license, the Khyber Club was opened as a meeting place for visual artists and a venue for Halifax’s emerging music scene.

In 2006 the Khyber Arts Society ceased to be the primary property manager on behalf of the municipality and the Khyber Performance Arts Society was formed to run the club as a non-profit performance space. Musician Lukas Pearse proposed establishing a performing arts society to keep the Khyber Club open after tax issues compelled the Khyber Arts Society to close it. In 2007 the society again negotiated with the City of Halifax to renew its lease and were offered a month-to-month tenancy, which was accepted in April 2008. In 2015 the discovery of asbestos closed down the building, and in 2017 the Khyber Centre for the Arts relocated to Hollis Street.

Dinwiddie, James

  • Person
  • 1746-1815
James Dinwiddie was a Scottish physicist, astronomer, inventor and natural philosopher. He was born in 1746 in Dumfries, Scotland and educated at Edinburgh University. In 1779 he began writing his series Queries and Hints, scientific journals covering fields of research including history, physics, chemistry, engineering and military tactics. In 1781 Dinwiddie embarked on a lecture series around the United Kingdom. In 1792 he was invited to join Lord Macartney's embassy to China as an experimentalist and mechanic, lecturing on physics and demonstrating British astronomical techniques at the imperial court. When the embassy returned to Britain, Dinwiddie asked to be left behind and went to India, where he was appointed Professor of Mathematics, Natural Philosophy and Chemistry at the College of Fort William. Dinwiddie left Calcutta in September 1806 and resettled in London, where he continued to lecture and write scientific journals. In July 1810 he was elected to the Royal Institution and made a member of the Committee of Mathematics, Mechanics, and Mechanical inventions. He died in 1815.

Dalhousie University. School of Education

  • Corporate body (Dalhousie University)
  • 1968-1995

Dalhousie School of Education had a short-lived existence, from 1989-1995. Classes in the history of education and educational philosophy were first offered in 1924, following the publication of a report by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, which advocated a closer relationship between the province's colleges and public schools. In 1926 the Nova Scotia Department of Education began to allow universities to offer teacher education/qualification programs, and Dalhousie established a five-course diploma program that could be taken following the attainment of a BA or BSc. In 1954 this was expanded to include a BEd degree, which was granted after the completion of a first degree, subsequent education classes, one year of teaching and a thesis. It wasn't until 1968 that the university calendar listed a Department of Education, which offered both a four-year integrated BEd/BA or BEd/BSc and a one-year sequential program taken after the completion of a first degree.

The Nova Scotia Council on Higher Education report on teacher education published in 1994 questioned the utility of nine institutions across the province offering teacher education; it made specific reference to Dalhousie and the limitations of its doctoral program and poor reputation with practicing public school teachers. Dalhousie's School of Education—along with the Nova Scotia Teacher's College and the education programs of five other universities—was closed the following year.

Clark, Howard C.

  • Person
  • 1929-
Howard C. Clark was the ninth president of Dalhousie University, serving from 1986-1995. Clark was a strong advocate for affirmative action and led the university in establishing the James Robinson Johnson Chair in Black Canadian Studies. Born in New Zealand in 1929, he taught chemistry and held administrative posts at the universities of Western Ontario, British Columbia, Auckland and Guelph, where he held also served as vice-president.

Nova Scotia LGBT Seniors Archive

  • Corporate body
  • 2019 -
The Nova Scotia LGBT Seniors Archive is a project aimed at collecting, preserving and making available the records of contributions made to Nova Scotia by the baby boomer generation (born ca. 1946-1964) of LGBT+ seniors. Founded in 2019 by Jacqueline Gahagan, the archive was developed with initial funding from the Nova Scotia Department of Seniors and is embedded in the Dalhousie University Archives. Since its inception, the LGBT Seniors Archive has developed a significant collection of records documenting the activities of and connections between LGBT-identified seniors across the province. To improve the representation of LGBT+ women and gender non-conforming individuals within the repository, the srchive, with funding support from the Department of Communities, Culture, and Heritage's Strategic Development Initiative, has created the Lesbian Oral Histories collection (MS-15-26).

Hattie, Brenda

  • Person

Brenda Hattie was born in Halifax and raised in the Annapolis Valley and Pictou County. She studied at the University of King's College and Universite Sainte-Anne, where she earned her BA in 1981. Taking classes in psychology and sociology in her early twenties exposed her to feminist theology and led her to question many of her religious beliefs, especially those related to sexual orientation. In 1998 she entered into a same-sex relationship and subsequently left her religious community. In 2000 Brenda moved to Halifax to pursue an MA in Women's Studies at Mount Saint Vincent University. Over the next four years she also volunteered in the queer community as a director for NSRAP, and later as a director for Safe Harbour Metropolitan Community Church, in 2005 winning an award for her service to the LGBTQ community. She was witness to some of the first same-sex marriages in Nova Scotia in October 2005.

She was a research assistant at the Nova Scotia Centre on Aging from 2005-2013, where she worked on a range of projects, including several related to age-friendly communities. Brenda has co-authored a number of reports and given presentations on her work at national and international academic conferences. She has also co-published a number of refereed journal articles. Brenda completed a PhD in Philosophy of Educational Studies in 2018. She continues to teach at Mount Saint Vincent University and is currently researching the work and social lives of the women who worked at the Dartmouth Marine Slips during World War II. Her most recent activism involved advocacy for banning conversion therapy in Nova Scotia. The ban came into effect in 2018.

AIDS Nova Scotia

  • Corporate body
  • 1985 -
AIDS Nova Scotia was first established in 1982 as the Gay Men's Health Association of Halifax, with a mission to provide supports and conduct advocacy efforts on behalf of persons living with HIV/AIDS [PWA's] in the Halifax area. After changing its name to the Metro Area Committee on AIDS [MACAIDS], the organization was incorporated on November 28, 1985. In 1992, MACAIDS once again changed its name to AIDS Nova Scotia [ANS]. For the duration of its operations, ANS connected PWAs with supports and services, and advocated for government action and improvements to the health care system. It also operated the INFORM-AIDS helpline during the late 1980s and early 1990s, which directed PWA's and their families to care and support services. In 1995, AIDS Nova Scotia merged with the Nova Scotia Persons with AIDS Coalition to form the AIDS Coalition of Nova Scotia.

AIDS Coalition of Nova Scotia

  • Corporate body
  • 1995 -
The AIDS Coalition of Nova Scotia (ACNS) was formed in 1995 through a merger of the Nova Scotia Persons With AIDS Coalition and AIDS Nova Scotia. The organization's mission is to promote and support the health and well-being of persons living with and affected by HIV/AIDS and to reduce the spread of HIV in Nova Scotia. Over the course of its operations, ACNS has conducted a number of advocacy and research projects related to HIV/AIDS, including the Gay Men and Alcohol Project and the Women and AIDS Project. Beginning in 1996, ACNS operated the Community AIDS Treatment Information Exchange (CATIE), a website that provided information about HIV/AIDS-related supports and services. ACNS has also organized AIDS Walk events since 1995, with the most recent walk taking place in November 2016.

Nova Scotia Persons with AIDS Coalition

  • Corporate body
  • 1988-1995
The Nova Scotia Persons with AIDS Coalition (NSPWAC) was an non-profit advocacy group that supported persons living with HIV/AIDS (PWAs) in Nova Scotia. The organization connected PWAs with care and services and participated in advocacy efforts on their behalf, campaigning for government action and improvements to the health care system. In 1995, NSPWAC merged with AIDS Nova Scotia to form the AIDS Coalition of Nova Scotia.

Safe Harbour Metropolitan Community Church

  • Corporate body
  • 1991 - 2011
Safe Harbour Metropolitan Community Church was an LGBT-focused United church built and run by the LGBT community, and serving it with projects such as Manna for Health, a food bank directed at people facing serious illness and poverty. The church was founded by J.J. Lyon, Robert Byers, Bruce Moore and Terry Parker following an informal evening of Christmas carol singing. Worshippers began meeting in February 1991 in the small boardroom at the Aids Coalition Office on Gottingen Street, Halifax. In September 1991 the congregation officially became part of the Metropolitan Community Church, adopted the name Safe Harbour MCC and moved to the Brunswick Street United Church, having outgrown their original space. In September 1992 the congregation hired Reverend Darlene Young to be the first minister of Safe Harbour MCC, and moved to the Universalist Unitarian Church on Inglis Street. In April 1993, Safe Harbour officially welcomed its first members, when 20 people joined the church. On Sunday, 5 September 2004, the congregation celebrated its first service in its own space in Bloomfield Centre, where it stayed for two years before moving to its final home at Veith House in Halifax's north end. After the death of Reverend Darlene Young in 2008, Bob Bond served as interim pastor until Reverend Jennifer Paty was hired in 2009. She conducted Safe Harbour's final service on Eastern Sunday 2001.

Nova Scotia Rainbow Action Project

  • Corporate body
  • 1995 -
Founded in 1995, the Nova Scotia Rainbow Action Project (NSRAP) is a non-profit advocacy organization that strives to provide a coherent voice for gay, lesbian, bisexual, two-spirit, trans and queer people throughout Nova Scotia. NSRAP has met every three months since January 1996 and was officially incorporated in February 2000. It played a key role in the Halifax Rainbow Health Project and continues to work on trans health issues, advocating for provincial funding of gender confirming surgeries and the rights of 2SLGBTQIA+ elders in long-term care. NSRAP has participated in numerous human rights cases involving same-sex rights and was instrumental in bringing marriage equality to Nova Scotia.

Mitchell, Christopher

  • Person
Christopher Mitchell is a recording engineer who has worked in studios in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and Vancouver, British Columbia.

A. Keith and Son Limited

  • Corporate body
  • 1820-1971

A. Keith and Son Limited is one of the oldest brewing companies in Canada. It was established in 1820 by Alexander Keith after he took over a brewing business from Charles Boggs. The brewery was originally located in a house on Argyle Street in Halifax, Nova Scotia, but a larger facility was built on Lower Water Street in 1822. In 1836, Keith expanded again, building a new brewery on Hollis Street. In 1863, Keith Hall was built adjacent to the brewery on Lower Water Street and served as Keith's private residence, eventually becoming the headquarters of Oland and Son.

Alexander Keith was mayor of Halifax, president of the Legislative Council, and held many other public offices. He was involved with numerous boards, companies, charitable organizations, and societies. He died in 1873.

In 1928 Oland and Son Limited acquired an interest in A. Keith and Son. Later, a stock offering was issued and the company became a wholly owned subsidiary of Oland and Son. Oland and Son Limited maintained the A. Keith and Son brand and continued to brew Keith's products until John Labatt Limited purchased all of Oland and Son's brewing assets in 1971.

A. Keith and Son is best known for its Keith's India Pale Ale, but at different periods in the company's history it also brewed Keith's Stag's Head Stout, Keith's Bohemian Lager, and Keith's Medicinal Stout.

Atlantic Institute of Education

  • Corporate body
  • 1970-1982

The Atlantic Institute of Education (AIE) was a short-lived degree-granting body providing graduate studies in education, curriculum research and development, and training for school board directors. It was conceived in 1969 as a cooperative initiative of the four Atlantic provinces to serve as a research and development arm of the education industry. However, Nova Scotia was the only province to enact legislation around it—the Atlantic Institute of Education Act.

The original idea was the brainchild of Nova Scotia premier and education minister Robert Stanfield and, in 1966, on the advice of the Association of Atlantic Universities (AAU), he commissioned the Fletcher report, which recommended that such an institute be established at Dalhousie’s Faculty of Graduate Studies. Despite the enthusiasm of Stanfield and the Nova Scotia Department of Education, the recommendation was not welcomed by the other provinces, Nova Scotia universities, or even Dalhousie.

Despite this, the institute was chartered in 1970, with a board of directors, an academic council, and offices at 5244 South Street. Joseph Lauwerys was appointed as the first director and Gary Anderson as assistant director. In December 1973 the AIE granted its first degrees. In 1975 W.B. Hamilton took over as director and, in an effort to encourage buy-in from the other provinces, he established representation on the academic council from all the provincial universities. In 1976 the institute joined the Association of Atlantic Universities and received support from a series of Nova Scotia ministers of education.

In August 1982 the new Conservative government withdrew all funding and the AIE was shut down.

Results 101 to 150 of 4074